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Updated: May 5, 2026
Improved Rodent Model of Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury
Published on: March 7, 2022
Nanocarrier-Based Therapeutic Strategies in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Systematic Review of
Michał Porada1, Bartosz Pawełczak2, Karolina Barańska-Pawełczak3
1Students' Scientific Society, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
Abstract:
Background/Objectives: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) remains an ever-growing threat in the field of cardiology, as it has become a major risk factor for unfavorable outcomes following reperfusion therapies. Oxidative stress and inflammation remain the key pathophysiological mechanisms underlying MIRI, and the presently available treatments fail to prevent this process effectively. This systematic review aimed to summarize and critically assess the latest preclinical research (2020-2026) on nanocarrier-based interventions targeting oxidative stress in MIRI, highlighting the potential of the new nanostructures in cardioprotection. Methods: A total of 24 studies meeting the PRISMA criteria have been found through a literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases published between 2020 and 2026. The studies eligible for inclusion had focused on the efficacy of nanocarrier-based interventions in preclinical studies of MIRI. Results: Of the 24 included studies, all investigated nanocarrier-based interventions in preclinical models of MIRI. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models were diverse, with most studies being a combination of both in vitro and in vivo models. Commonly studied were lipid-based nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles, and biomimetic nanocarriers. Across studies assessed for this review, treatments with nanocarriers were seen to suppress inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, with a few studies showing a suppression of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Cardiac function was restored as determined by echocardiography analyses or ex vivo models of the myocardium, thus validating that the nanocarrier-mediated therapies are effective against MIRI. Conclusions: The analyzed preclinical studies indicate that the described therapies could provide a promising basis for future clinical trials in the treatment of MIRI, provided their safety and efficacy are confirmed in clinical trials.
