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The Complement System in the Setting of Critical Illness-A Narrative Review.
Kleio Ampelakiotou1, Ioanna Nikitopoulou2, Stelios Kokkoris2
1Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece.
Biomolecules
|May 4, 2026
Summary
The complement system, crucial for immunity, significantly impacts intensive care unit (ICU) conditions like sepsis and trauma. Understanding its role offers new therapeutic and prognostic insights for critical care.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The complement system is a vital part of innate immunity and inflammation.
- Complement activation is observed in various intensive care unit (ICU) conditions.
- ICU interventions can disrupt complement homeostasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the complement system's role in critical care settings.
- To emphasize its involvement in sepsis, trauma, and burns.
- To explore its potential as a prognostic tool and therapeutic target.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of complement system function in critical care.
- Analysis of complement activation in ICU-related conditions.
- Discussion of prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Main Results:
- Complement system dysregulation is implicated in sepsis, trauma, and burns.
- Monitoring complement activity may aid prognosis in critical illness.
- Targeting the complement cascade presents therapeutic opportunities.
Conclusions:
- The complement system is a significant factor in critical care outcomes.
- Further research into complement modulation could improve patient management.
- Complement-based therapies hold promise for treating severe conditions.
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