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Emotional Intelligence-Based Interventions in Individuals with ADHD: Systematic Review.

Sandro Gabrieli1, Faustino Andrés-Pérez1, Lluna Maria Bru-Luna2

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Emotional intelligence (EI) interventions show promise for improving emotional regulation and social skills in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Further research is recommended for personalized approaches.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Psychology
  • Emotional intelligence research

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
  • Difficulties in emotional regulation are common in ADHD and are increasingly linked to emotional intelligence (EI).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and analyze the effectiveness of interventions designed to enhance EI in individuals diagnosed with ADHD.
  • To characterize these EI development interventions for ADHD populations.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
  • Searches across major scientific databases including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Dialnet, ERIC, and SpringerLink.
  • Selection of 31 studies after applying rigorous inclusion/exclusion criteria and quality assessment.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with ADHD exhibit lower EI than typically developing peers, particularly in emotional regulation, stress management, adaptability, and interpersonal skills.
  • Emotional training interventions led to improvements in emotional competencies, self-control, ADHD symptoms, and social functioning.
  • Effectiveness varied based on age, ADHD subtype, comorbidities, informant type, and assessment tools, indicating significant heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Enhancing EI is a valuable complementary strategy for improving emotional and social adaptation in individuals with ADHD.
  • Future research should prioritize longitudinal studies and personalized interventions tailored to specific ADHD characteristics.