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Four-Port Compact Metamaterial MIMO Antenna with Stub-Based Bandwidth Improvement.

Atziri Amaya Vargas-Balderas1, José Alfredo Tirado-Méndez1, Roberto Linares-Miranda1

  • 1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, SEPI-ESIME Zacatenco, Av. IPN S/N, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07300, Mexico.

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Summary

This study introduces a compact four-element MIMO antenna for 5G applications, utilizing metamaterials and stub-loading for enhanced bandwidth and miniaturization. The design achieves excellent isolation and diversity performance, ideal for mobile devices.

Keywords:
4-elementsMIMO antennacompact antennahigh isolationmetamaterialoctagonal SRRstub loading

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Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetics and Antenna Engineering
  • Metamaterials and Metasurfaces
  • Wireless Communication Systems

Background:

  • Miniaturization of antenna systems is crucial for modern compact wireless devices.
  • Achieving high performance, including bandwidth and isolation, in small antennas remains a significant challenge.
  • Metamaterial structures offer unique electromagnetic properties for antenna design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and optimize a compact four-element MIMO antenna for 5G n77/n78 bands.
  • To enhance impedance bandwidth and reduce physical size using metamaterials and stub-loading.
  • To achieve high inter-element isolation and excellent diversity performance in a miniaturized antenna.

Main Methods:

  • Design of a four-element MIMO antenna array with axial symmetry.
  • Integration of octagonal split-ring resonators (SRRs) metamaterial structure.
  • Application of stub-loading technique for bandwidth and size enhancement.
  • Optimization on Duroid RT5880 substrate (ϵr=2.2, h=1.27 mm).

Main Results:

  • Achieved a compact antenna size of 28.8×28.8 mm² (0.24λ0×0.24λ0).
  • Increased fractional bandwidth from 23% to 39% using stub-loading.
  • Obtained high inter-element isolation (>15 dB lower band, >20 dB mid/upper bands).
  • Demonstrated excellent diversity metrics: ECC ≪0.005, DG ≥9.9, TARC <-10 dB, CCL <0.4 bits/s/Hz.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed metamaterial-based MIMO antenna offers a highly miniaturized solution for 5G applications.
  • Stub-loading effectively enhances bandwidth and reduces antenna size.
  • The design meets stringent isolation and diversity requirements for reliable wireless communication.