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Recent Advances in Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Biomedical and Cardiovascular Monitoring
Amit Sarode1,2, Jegan Rajendran1,3, Gymama Slaughter1,4
1Center for Bioelectronics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 4, 2026
Summary
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer a battery-free solution for wearable cardiovascular monitoring. Recent advancements show promise in pulse detection and blood pressure estimation, but challenges remain for clinical use.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
- Wearable Technology
Background:
- Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are emerging as self-powered platforms for biomedical sensing.
- They convert biomechanical energy into electrical signals for energy harvesting and active sensing.
- Flexible, lightweight, and biocompatible TENG architectures are suitable for wearable applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances (2020-2025) in TENG-based cardiovascular monitoring.
- To focus on material systems, device configurations, and sensing mechanisms.
- To highlight trends and challenges in wearable, self-powered cardiovascular sensing.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of TENG applications in cardiovascular monitoring.
- Analysis of material systems, device designs, and sensing principles.
- Comparison of representative studies on pulse detection and blood pressure estimation.
Main Results:
- TENGs show potential for pulse detection and cuffless blood pressure estimation.
- Emerging trends include flexible, wearable, and self-powered sensing technologies.
- Significant variations in experimental conditions, calibration, and signal processing limit direct performance comparisons.
Conclusions:
- TENG-based cardiovascular monitoring has progressed significantly.
- Challenges include subject-specific calibration, motion artifacts, and limited clinical validation.
- Further development is needed for widespread clinical translation of TENGs.
