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Beeswax in Pharmaceutical Sciences: A Comprehensive Review of Its Chemical Composition, Functional Applications,
Kampanart Huanbutta1, Bajaree Chuttong2, Khanchai Danmek3
1Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand.
Beeswax is a versatile, natural material used in pharmaceuticals for drug delivery and healing. Quality control and sustainable sourcing are crucial for its continued use in modern medicine.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Materials Science
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Beeswax, from *Apis mellifera* and *Apis cerana*, is a natural secretion evolving into a pharmaceutical excipient.
- It possesses unique physicochemical properties making it valuable in modern medicine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review beeswax's properties, pharmaceutical applications, and biomedical potential.
- To address quality control and regulatory challenges associated with beeswax use.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review of literature on beeswax's composition, properties, and applications.
- Analysis focused on formulation roles, drug delivery systems, and pharmacological activities.
Main Results:
- Beeswax is a lipid matrix with over 300 constituents, offering thermoplasticity and biocompatibility.
- It stabilizes topical formulations, acts as a matrix in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and microspheres, and enhances drug bioavailability.
- Beeswax exhibits antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties, with derivatives showing cardiovascular benefits.
Conclusions:
- Beeswax is an eco-friendly material bridging traditional remedies and advanced pharmaceutical innovation.
- Rigorous quality control and sustainable sourcing are essential for its pharmaceutical applications.
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