A First Diversity-Oriented N-Maleopimarimido-Isocyanide for Multicomponent Reactions: Synthesis, Application, and In...

Multicomponent reactions with isocyanides (IMCRs) enable the one-step assembly of complex molecules and remain a powerful strategy for accessing bioactive scaffolds. Here, we report the first synthesis of an abietane diterpene isocyanide derived from aminoimide methyl maleopimarate 1, a levopimaric acid-maleic anhydride adduct. This isocyanide was further engaged in Passerini, Ugi, and azido-Ugi reactions to provide a series of α-acyloxy- and α-acylaminocarboxamides, as well as tetrazoles, in high yields under optimized conditions. The structures of all products were confirmed by comprehensive physicochemical analysis. In silico ADME, drug-likeness, target prediction, and toxicity studies (SwissADME, ProTox-III) revealed moderate lipophilicity with favorable membrane permeability and solubility, high gastrointestinal absorption, and selective CYP3A4 inhibition with no significant effects on other CYP450 isoforms. The compounds fulfill major drug-likeness criteria, lacking undesirable reactive fragments, with only acceptable deviations in molecular weight and flexibility typical for MCR-derived products. The modifications broaden the spectrum of predicted biological targets while maintaining low overall toxicity and absence of predicted hepato- or carcinogenicity. These results demonstrate that diterpene isocyanide is a valuable building block for chemical libraries of structurally diverse abietane derivatives with peptide-like termini and highlight its potential as a source of cytotoxic, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory candidates.