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MCAM (CD146) Gene Encodes Chicken Blood Alloantigen System H.

Janet E Fulton¹, Amy M McCarron¹, Anna Wolc^1,2

¹Hy-Line International, Research and Development, P.O. Box 310, Dallas Center, IA 50063, USA.

|May 4, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified the MCAM (CD146) gene as encoding the chicken alloantigen H blood system. This discovery enables DNA-based methods for H system allele identification in poultry, advancing genetic research.

Keywords:

CD146 H alloantigen MCAM chicken H blood system

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Published on: January 23, 2019

Area of Science:

Poultry genetics
Immunogenetics
Molecular biology

Background:

The chicken alloantigen H system is one of thirteen known blood group systems in chickens.
Limited information exists regarding the alloantigen H system and its two serological alleles.

Purpose of the Study:

To pinpoint the specific genetic region responsible for the chicken alloantigen H.
To develop DNA-based detection methods for improved identification of H system alleles.

Main Methods:

Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using Axiom chicken SNP arrays.
Analysis of DNA samples from elite Hy-Line White Leghorn lines, NIU DNA bank, and inbred lines.
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify candidate genes in chromosome 24.

Main Results:

GWAS revealed a significant peak on chromosome 24 (4.20-4.30 Mbp) associated with alloantigen H.
The MCAM (CD146) gene within this region showed SNP variations correlating with serological haplotypes.
High concordance rates (95-99%) were observed between SNP haplotype and serological typing, confirming MCAM as the gene encoding the H system.

Conclusions:

The MCAM (CD146) gene encodes the chicken H blood system, producing a cell adhesion molecule involved in various biological processes.
Developed DNA-based typing methods will facilitate studies on H haplotype frequencies and their association with economically important traits in poultry.
Understanding the H system's role can enhance poultry health and breeding strategies by linking it to growth, immune responses, and production traits.