Pregnancy Complications in Uterine Anomalies-A Pilot Study

Uterine malformation represents a rare disease with a prevalence of up to 7% of the general population. Background/Objectives: Higher pregnancy complication rates have been reported in the literature; thus, in our study, we aimed to examine not only the obstetric complications encountered but also the psychological interventions and multidisciplinary approaches for parental counseling in our department in the context of preterm birth at the limit of viability. Methods: A retrospective pilot study was conducted on all the women in our department between 2010 and 2017 with congenital uterine malformations associated with infertility or pregnancy. In the study group, we included women with AUCs (n = 26), while the control group included pregnant women with normal uteri (n = 25) (total: n = 51), and then pregnancy complications were investigated. Results: Highly significant pregnancy complications were observed in the study group, the most important being preterm birth (p = 0.003) in comparison with the control group. Out of 26 patients with AUCs, only 14 gave birth to a live fetus compared to 22 out of the 25 with normal pregnancies, meaning that failure to give birth to a live newborn statistically significantly increased among the former group (p = 0.004). In terms of birth weight (p = 0.0001), Apgar score (p = 0.029) and intensive care unit admission (p = 0.0001), we observed significant differences between the newborns in the study group versus controls, with an impact on mental state that required psychological support. Conclusions: A clear correlation was observed in our study between uterine congenital malformations and pregnancy complications. The most common pregnancy outcome was premature delivery, with statistical significance. In addition, higher neonate admissions to the intensive care unit associated with lower Apgar scores were encountered compared with normal pregnancies. Appropriate parental counseling by obstetricians, neonatologists and psychologists could enhance pregnancy outcomes.