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Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis: An Intraocular Inflammatory Mouse Model
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Non-Infectious Anterior Uveitis Is Associated with Functional Retinal Changes Demonstrable by Multifocal

Danijela Mrazovac Zimak1, Nenad Vukojević1,2, Igor Petriček1,2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Acute anterior non-infectious uveitis can cause retinal dysfunction detectable by multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), even when optical coherence tomography (OCT) shows stable structures. mfERG aids in monitoring subclinical macular issues.

Keywords:
acute anterior non-infectious uveitiselectroretinographymacular functionmultifocal electroretinographyoptical coherence tomographyretinal inflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Anterior non-infectious uveitis (AANU) primarily affects the anterior eye segment.
  • Inflammatory disruption of the hemato-ocular barrier can impact posterior segment structures.
  • Subclinical macular dysfunction may occur in AANU.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate functional retinal changes using multifocal electroretinography (mfERG).
  • To assess the relationship between mfERG parameters and structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings.
  • To investigate macular function in patients with acute anterior non-infectious uveitis (AANU).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 38 eyes from 19 AANU patients and matched healthy controls.
  • Ophthalmological examination including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spectral-domain OCT, and mfERG at baseline, 3, and 6 months.
  • Analysis of mfERG amplitude/implicit times and OCT parameters (CFT, MV, AMT).

Main Results:

  • AANU eyes showed reduced mfERG amplitude in the central retina during the acute phase.
  • OCT parameters normalized partially, but functional recovery was less pronounced.
  • A dissociation between structural and functional recovery was observed, with minimal latency variation.

Conclusions:

  • AANU is linked to measurable macular functional impairment via mfERG, independent of OCT findings.
  • Inflammation in AANU can affect retinal function beyond the anterior segment.
  • mfERG is a sensitive tool for detecting and monitoring subclinical macular dysfunction in AANU.