Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 5, 2026
04:11
Author Spotlight: Advancements and Challenges in Hepatitis B Virus Detection
Published on: December 15, 2023
5.5K
Hepatitis B in Hemodialysis: Serologic Dynamics and Implications for Care
Rawi Hazzan1, Nana Peleg2, Tarek Saadi3
1Clalit Health Services, Nof Hagalil 1766201, Israel.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 4, 2026
Summary
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in hemodialysis patients shows varied immune responses and antibody waning. Tailored monitoring and vaccination strategies are crucial for this vulnerable population, especially for minority groups and those born after 1992.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology and Immunology
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Background:
- Hemodialysis patients face heightened Hepatitis B virus (HBV) risk due to immunosuppression and vascular access.
- While childhood vaccination reduced HBV prevalence, dialysis units need specific prevention and monitoring protocols.
- Understanding HBV serologic profiles and immune response kinetics is vital for this high-risk group.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize HBV serologic profiles in a diverse hemodialysis population.
- To evaluate immune responses and assess the kinetics of antibody waning post-vaccination.
- To compare HBV markers and vaccine responses across ethnic and birth cohort subgroups.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 565 adult hemodialysis patients from 2015-2024.
- Assessment of HBV seroprevalence, seroconversion, booster response, and antibody waning.
- Kaplan-Meier analysis for time-to-waning and subgroup comparisons by ethnicity and birth cohort.
Main Results:
- Low HBsAg (4.1%) and HCV (3.7%) seropositivity; 31.7% had anti-HBc.
- No HBsAg seroconversions; 2.1% of anti-HBc-negative patients seroconverted.
- 67.5% experienced anti-HBs waning (median 7.3 months), with 87.4% responding to boosters. Post-1992 cohort showed better anti-HBs positivity and lower anti-HBc prevalence.
Conclusions:
- HBV serologic profiles in hemodialysis patients are influenced by immunosuppression, vaccination history, and epidemiology.
- Significant antibody waning observed, necessitating booster responses. Variable vaccine responses noted across subgroups.
- Findings support tailored, population-specific HBV monitoring and prevention strategies within dialysis settings.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test
271
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
271
01:25Hemodialysis I: Introduction
4.0K
Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
4.0K
01:24Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications
2.2K
DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
2.2K
01:25Hepatitis
86
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
86
01:26Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow
382
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
382
01:25Hemodialysis III: Nursing Management
1.8K
The nursing management of a patient undergoing hemodialysis includes several critical steps, starting with a thorough assessment before the procedure.Before the Hemodialysis ProcedureFirst, record the patient's vital signs—blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature—to establish a baseline. This baseline is essential for detecting conditions such as hypotension that could impact the patient's response to dialysis. Document the patient's pre-dialysis weight, as this...
1.8K