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Quantification of Fungal Colonization, Sporogenesis, and Production of Mycotoxins Using Kernel Bioassays

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Published on: April 23, 2012

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analyses Reveal Key Defense Pathways Against Fusarium Infection in Maize

Yuying Jia^1,2, Xin Qi¹, Xinfang Liu¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-Breeding, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China.

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|May 4, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Maize resistant to Fusarium ear rot (FER) shows enhanced lignin biosynthesis, reinforcing cell walls against fungal invasion. This study identifies key genes involved in lignin production for improved FER resistance in maize breeding.

Keywords:

Fusarium ear rot lignin biosynthesis maize phenylpropanoid pathway

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Area of Science:

Plant Pathology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Fusarium ear rot (FER) in maize, caused by *F. verticillioides*, leads to significant yield loss and mycotoxin contamination.
Understanding FER resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing resistant maize varieties through crop breeding.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying Fusarium ear rot resistance in maize.
To identify key genes and metabolic pathways involved in maize resistance to *F. verticillioides*.

Main Methods:

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed on resistant (ZL30) and susceptible (92C) maize inbred lines after *F. verticillioides* inoculation.
Differential gene expression (DEG) and differential metabolite (DAM) analyses were conducted.
Correlation analysis and RT-qPCR were used to validate findings.

Main Results:

Both transcriptomic and metabolomic data converged on the phenylpropanoid pathway, particularly lignin biosynthesis, as central to FER resistance.
Key differentially expressed genes (*ZmPAL*, *ZmHCT*, *peroxidases*, *ZmCOMT*) and differentially accumulated metabolites (sinapic acid, sinapaldehyde, coniferin, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid) were identified.
Elevated lignin biosynthesis in the resistant line ZL30 correlated with increased resistance, suggesting reinforced cell wall integrity.

Conclusions:

Lignin biosynthesis, a branch of the phenylpropanoid pathway, plays a critical role in maize resistance to *Fusarium* ear rot.
Key lignin-associated genes identified in this study are promising targets for breeding maize with enhanced FER resistance.