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Prevention of Gastric Cancer
Simona-Maria Bățagă1,2, Paul Grama1,2, Monica Pantea2,3
1M3 Department, Discipline of Internal Medicine 1, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|May 4, 2026
Summary
Gastric cancer prevention strategies focus on Helicobacter pylori screening and dietary changes for primary prevention. Secondary prevention utilizes biomarkers and advanced endoscopy for early detection and organ-sparing treatments, reducing disease burden.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
- Public Health
Background:
- Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant global malignancy, ranking fifth in incidence despite declining rates since 1975.
- Improved food preservation and understanding Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) as a carcinogen contribute to reduced GC incidence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review primary and secondary prevention strategies for gastric cancer in Europe.
- Emphasis on H. pylori management, dietary factors, biomarkers, and screening.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed/MEDLINE for recent reviews, guidelines, and studies (1-5 years).
- Keywords: gastric cancer, prevention, primary prevention, secondary prevention, endoscopy guidelines.
Main Results:
- Primary prevention involves H. pylori screening and dietary modifications.
- Secondary prevention includes serological biopsy (pepsinogen), novel blood markers, and advanced endoscopy (HD, magnification, virtual chromoendoscopy, AI).
- Endoscopic therapies like EMR and ESD enable organ-sparing treatment.
Conclusions:
- Despite declining incidence, gastric cancer remains a major health concern.
- Integrated primary and secondary prevention approaches are crucial for reducing the global burden of gastric cancer.
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