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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and...
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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Longitudinal In Vivo Imaging of the Cerebrovasculature: Relevance to CNS Diseases
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Drug-Induced Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities: A Neurovascular Perspective on Risk Assessment.

Marialuisa Zedde1,2, Mattia Losa2,3, Andrea Donniaquio4

  • 1Stroke Unit, Neurology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anti-amyloid therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are limited by amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA). This review integrates neurovascular principles, particularly cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), to improve patient selection and monitoring for ARIA.

Keywords:
ARIAAlzheimer’s diseaseFLAIRGREMRISWIamyloid-related imaging abnormalitiesanti-amyloid therapyapoEbiomarkerscerebral amyloid angiopathycortical superficial siderosismicrobleeds

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Anti-amyloid therapies (AAT) are transforming Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment.
  • Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) pose a significant challenge to AAT implementation.
  • Existing ARIA data primarily reflects dementia-focused clinical trials, lacking neurovascular perspectives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine drug-induced ARIA through a neurovascular lens.
  • To highlight the influence of cerebrovascular comorbidity, especially cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), on ARIA risk and severity.
  • To propose an integrated framework for ARIA risk stratification.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature on AAT and ARIA.
  • Critical evaluation of CAA assessment in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Analysis of current ARIA risk stratification approaches.

Main Results:

  • Cerebrovascular comorbidity, particularly CAA, significantly impacts ARIA risk and severity.
  • RCTs often have limitations in assessing CAA, affecting the external validity of ARIA findings.
  • Current ARIA risk stratification can be enhanced by integrating vascular imaging, APOE ε4 status, and clinical comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • A neurovascular perspective is crucial for understanding and managing ARIA.
  • An integrated framework combining vascular markers, genetic factors, and clinical data can improve ARIA risk stratification.
  • Tailored patient selection and monitoring are essential for optimizing AAT outcomes in real-world settings.