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Heterogeneous Integration of Microelectronics by Self-Assembly
Yingkun Ma1, Karl F Böhringer1
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Micromachines
|May 4, 2026
Summary
System performance gains now depend on advanced packaging and heterogeneous integration as traditional scaling limits are reached. This shift drives innovation in assembly technologies for functional diversification, or "More-than-Moore" approaches.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrical Engineering
- Semiconductor Manufacturing
Background:
- Planar CMOS scaling is decelerating, impacting traditional performance improvement trajectories.
- Heterogeneous integration and advanced packaging are becoming critical for future system performance.
- Cost-per-function pressures are shifting towards large-scale assembly processes.

