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Characterizing sensory defect in Nuodeng ham: Differences in volatile compounds and physicochemical properties from
Nannan Zhou1,2, Yaying Zhao1,2, Daqian Wan1,2
1College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Sensory defects in Nuodeng ham are linked to molecular changes. This study identified key flavor compounds and metabolites differentiating defective (DH) from normal (NH) ham, offering insights for quality improvement.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Metabolomics
- Sensory Analysis
Background:
- Sensory defects in Nuodeng ham impact quality.
- Molecular mechanisms, especially flavor profiles, are poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- Compare physicochemical properties, volatile compounds, and metabolites between defective (DH) and normal (NH) Nuodeng ham.
- Identify molecular markers associated with sensory defects.
Main Methods:
- Integrated approach using Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry (GC-IMS) and Gas Chromatography-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS).
- Analysis of physicochemical properties, volatile flavor compounds, and small-molecule metabolites.
Main Results:
- Defective hams showed higher moisture, lower salt/nitrite, and poorer texture/color.
- Proteolysis and lipid oxidation were enhanced in defective hams.
- 12 volatile markers identified, with elevated hexanal and benzeneacetaldehyde in DH.
- Accumulation of organic acids and reduction of flavor amino acids/precursors observed in DH.
Conclusions:
- Metabolic profiles differ significantly between normal and defective Nuodeng ham.
- Findings provide molecular insights into sensory defect formation.
- Offers references for improving flavor quality in dry-cured meat products.
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