Case report of intracranial neuroendocrine carcinoma

Intracranial neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a highly uncommon malignancy, accounting for approximately 0.74% of cases. It is characterized by rapid infiltration and poor survival rates. This case report details a 51-year-old woman who presented with headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified an enhancing lesion in the right temporal lobe, and the diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. The patient underwent surgical resection, followed by chemoradiotherapy for recurrence, and subsequent Gamma Knife radiosurgery combined with bevacizumab. Notably, she has achieved a postoperative survival exceeding four years to date. This report comprehensively describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, multidisciplinary treatment course, and favorable outcome, highlighting the potential for prolonged survival with aggressive, multimodal management.