An Agentic Platform for Drug Repurposing Unified across Molecular, Phenotypic, and Clinical Scales
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Updated: May 5, 2026

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
Published on: December 11, 2016
Cheng Wang1,2, Mohamed El Moussaoui1, Dongdong Zhang2
1Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Abstract:
Drug repurposing offers an effective path to new therapies, yet existing computational approaches rely on a single line of evidence and are rarely validated across biological scales. We present LinkD, an integrated framework that unifies diffusion-based affinity prediction, proteome-wide selectivity scoring, phenotypic validation, and population-scale clinical evidence. LinkD-Bind predicts binding across 14,981 drugs and 20,385 human targets, ranking first in 8 of 9 BindingDB, Davis, and KIBA evaluations, with the largest gains under cold-start conditions. LinkD-Select recovers 95.3% of known drug-target pairs by combining selectivity scoring and molecular docking. LinkD-Pheno integrates drug-sensitivity and CRISPR dependency data across 960 cancer cell lines, identifying 34 novel drug-gene pairs and recovering ~85% of known targets among the top 50 candidates. Across 11.5 million individuals from Mount Sinai and UK Biobank, LinkD-prioritized β-blockers propranolol (HR 0.82) and carvedilol (HR 0.92) reduced 5-year prostate cancer incidence relative to metoprolol, corroborated by ADRB2 docking and LNCaP growth inhibition. LinkD-Agent, which can effectively orchestrate all evidence layers, is served on a publicly available web platform (https://linkd-agent.onrender.com/), enabling a wide range of users to derive new drug repurposing opportunities through natural language queries.
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