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Positron Emission Tomography

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography FDG-PET/CT

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Published on: May 2, 2012

Whole-body Dynamic [18F]FDG-PET/CT in Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica.

Bert-Ram Sah^1,2, Alexey Eyrikh², Lars Husmann¹

¹Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Clinical Nuclear Medicine

|May 4, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Whole-body dynamic [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging shows higher target-to-background ratios for diagnosing giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). This advanced PET/CT technique may improve diagnostic accuracy for these inflammatory conditions.

Keywords:

GCA Patlak dynamic PET inflammation polymyalgia rheumatica vasculitis

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Area of Science:

Nuclear Medicine
Radiology
Rheumatology

Background:

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) are inflammatory conditions affecting large and medium-sized arteries.
Accurate diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings.
Standard [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emission-tomography/computed-tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is utilized, but its efficacy can be limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of whole-body dynamic (WBD) [18F]FDG-PET/CT compared to standard static PET/CT.
To assess the potential of WBD [18F]FDG-PET/CT in improving the detection of GCA and PMR.

Main Methods:

Prospective enrollment of 25 patients with suspected GCA and/or PMR.
Whole-body dynamic PET imaging (dPET) performed using a standard PET/CT scanner.
Quantitative analysis using target-to-background ratios (TBR) derived from metabolic rate of [18F]FDG (MRFDG) images and comparison with static PET/CT.

Main Results:

17 out of 25 patients (68%) exhibited abnormal FDG uptake, with diagnoses including GCA, PMR, or both.
WBD [18F]FDG-PET/CT demonstrated significantly higher TBRs compared to static PET/CT in patients with GCA and PMR (P<0.003 for both).
TBRs in dPET and static PET were significantly elevated in patients compared to healthy controls.

Conclusions:

Whole-body dynamic [18F]FDG-PET/CT offers a significantly higher target-to-background ratio than standard static PET imaging for GCA and PMR.
WBD [18F]FDG-PET/CT holds potential for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in the assessment of GCA and PMR.