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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates

A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates

Published on: February 23, 2018

A 3D-printed diffusion cell for nail permeation testing.

Stanislas Maisonneuve¹, Sandy Vrignaud¹, Marc Pihet²

¹Pharmacie à usage intérieur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 4 rue Larrey, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

|May 4, 2026

Summary

A novel 3D-printed cell model using bovine hoof slices simplifies evaluating antifungal drug diffusion into nails. This accessible model aids in comparing topical formulations for onychomycosis treatment.

Keywords:

Agar diffusion Antifungal Nail diffusion Stereolithography

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Last Updated: May 6, 2026

A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates

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Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Biomaterials Science
Mycology

Background:

Evaluating active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) nail diffusion is crucial for antifungal drug development for onychomycosis.
Existing models are often costly and lack accessibility, hindering pre-clinical research.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a simple, accessible, and cost-effective 3D-printable diffusion cell model for evaluating ungual penetration of antifungals.
To assess the diffusion of Amphotericin B (AmB) from gel and cream formulations into bovine hoof slices.

Main Methods:

A 3D-printable diffusion cell was designed and utilized with bovine hoof slices.
Amphotericin B (AmB) diffusion was measured over 7 days using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Agar diffusion tests were performed to assess antifungal properties and diffusion through aqueous matrices.

Main Results:

The model successfully quantified AmB concentrations in hoof slices: 125.9 ± 7.4 µg/cm³ for gel and 95.6 ± 15.9 µg/cm³ for cream.
The 3D-printed cell facilitated the assessment of API diffusion and retention of antifungal activity.

Conclusions:

A user-friendly and accessible 3D-printed diffusion cell model for ungual penetration studies has been established.
This model allows for comparative analysis of different semi-solid formulations for topical antifungal delivery, despite limitations in direct human extrapolation.