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Updated: May 6, 2026

Probing and Mapping Electrode Surfaces in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Published on: September 20, 2012
Coupling cation migration with segregation for versatile air electrode in proton-conducting ceramic cells
Junda You1,2,3, Zhipeng Liu1,2,3, Yuan Zhang4,5
1State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Abstract:
Proton conducting ceramic cells enable efficient electrocatalytic H2-to-power conversion, yet their perovskite air electrodes demand versatile properties: high bulk proton uptake/conductivity, fast surface oxygen kinetics, and operational stability. Conventional single-phase perovskites usually fail to meet these demands simultaneously. Here, we show a facile strategy that couples bulk cation migration with surface segregation to enhance the versatility of the air electrode. The as-prepared (Ba0.9Ce0.1-α)(CeαFe0.8Ni0.2-β)O3-δ-βNiO (cm-BCFN@NiO) electrode features a coupled bulk-surface architecture where finely dispersed NiO nanoparticles and Ce migration from A-sites to B-sites synergistically optimize surface oxygen kinetics, bulk proton uptake/conductivity, and electronic transport. The optimized electrode exhibits a low area-specific resistance of 0.3 Ω cm2 at 550 °C-a 75% reduction compared to the NiO-free counterpart-enabling a 77.1% increase in maximum power density and over 1200 hours of stable single-cell operation. Beyond protonic ceramic cells, this work presents an approach for designing perovskites by leveraging cation migration and surface segregation at the atomic scale, opening more opportunities for a wide range of electrocatalytic applications.
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