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Ultrablack, Harsh-Condition-Resistant Micro-Pyramid Graphite Array for Solar Energy Harvesting and Conversion.

Huiyong Li1,2, Siyuan Zhou1,3, Mengxi Liu1,3

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a micro-pyramid graphite array (GA) for efficient solar energy capture. This superblack material achieves 99.3% absorbance and enhances thermoelectric generator power density, showing promise for harsh conditions.

Keywords:
nanosecond laserphotothermalpyramid arrayultrablack

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Efficient solar energy conversion requires advanced materials with high absorption, durability, and cost-effectiveness.
  • Existing materials often struggle with performance under harsh conditions or complex fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel micro-pyramid graphite array (GA) for efficient solar photothermal conversion.
  • To investigate the mechanisms behind the superblack properties and thermal stability of the GA.
  • To evaluate the performance of a thermoelectric generator enhanced by the GA under high solar irradiation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of micro-pyramid graphite array (GA) using nanosecond laser etching.
  • Surface modification with an anti-reflection layer and a low-refractive-index polymer coating.
  • Characterization of solar absorbance (omnidirectional, broadband) and thermal stability.
  • Integration of GA with a thermoelectric generator and testing under 10-sun irradiation.

Main Results:

  • Optimized GA achieved a high solar absorbance of 99.3% with omnidirectional broadband absorption.
  • Superblackness attributed to light-trapping, localized electric field enhancement, and reduced interfacial reflection.
  • GA demonstrated superior thermal stability, reaching 300°C under 10-sun irradiation.
  • GA-enhanced thermoelectric generator showed a significantly increased output power density of 20 mW cm⁻².

Conclusions:

  • The micro-pyramid graphite array is a highly efficient photothermal converter with superblack properties.
  • The GA exhibits excellent thermal stability, making it suitable for high-irradiance solar applications.
  • The GA significantly boosts thermoelectric generator performance, outperforming existing organic ultrablack materials.