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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

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Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
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Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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Engineering Na-Auδ - Interfaces for Enhancing Selective Methane Hydroxylation With O2 via Controlled In Situ H2O2

Xianquan Li1, Weibin Xu2, Jian Zhao3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel catalyst for selective methane oxidation to oxygenates. Na-decorated gold nanoparticles on mordenite nanosheets enable efficient C-H activation at mild temperatures, achieving high yields and selectivity.

Keywords:
electronic microenvironment engineeringheterogeneous catalysishydrogen peroxideinterfacesmethane oxidation

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A Toolkit to Enable Hydrocarbon Conversion in Aqueous Environments
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A Toolkit to Enable Hydrocarbon Conversion in Aqueous Environments
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Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Selective oxidation of methane (CH4) to valuable oxygenates under mild conditions is a significant challenge.
  • Existing methods often require harsh conditions or lack efficiency and selectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a novel catalyst for efficient and selective methane oxidation to oxygenates.
  • To investigate the mechanism of methane activation and oxygenate formation using electronic metal-support interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Na-decorated Au nanoparticles supported on mordenite (MOR) nanosheets.
  • Characterization using in situ spectroscopic studies.
  • Computational analysis using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Main Results:

  • The Na-decorated Au/MOR catalyst achieved near-100% selectivity towards hydroxylated oxygenates from methane.
  • A remarkable productivity of 2.02 mmol·gcat−1·h−1 was obtained at 150°C.
  • Na-induced electronic modulation created a unique Na-Au interface, enhancing catalytic activity and selectivity.

Conclusions:

  • The Na-Au interface facilitates accelerated in situ H2O2 generation and C-H bond activation.
  • The catalyst avoids methanol overoxidation, leading to improved overall performance.
  • Electronic microenvironment engineering is a powerful strategy for selective methane oxidation and valorization.