Identifying Anthropometric Age-Based Trends of the Sagittal Orbital-Globe Relationship in the Pediatric Population
Vamsi C Mohan1,2, Nilesh K Desai1,3, Benjamin D W Belfort1,2,4
1Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine.
Background:
The sagittal orbital-globe relationship (SOGR) and anthropometric measurements of the orbitale superius (os), orbitale inferius (oi), orbitale laterale (ol) and nasion (n) relative to the anterior cornea (ac) were first described by Dr Mulliken in 1996. Understanding the relationships between these landmarks is crucial for identifying and managing upper and midface pathologies; however, there remains a paucity of literature depicting the SOGR in the normal population. The purpose of this study is to describe how these measurements change from 0 to 18 years of age.
Methods:
A retrospective chart review of all maxillofacial computed tomography (CT) scans over a 14-year period was conducted, and patients without pertinent medical history, surgical history, and a negative CT scan and corresponding physical exam were included. The averages and changes of the differences between the right and left bone and soft-tissue oi, ol, os, and n, with the ac (oi-ac, ol-ac, os-ac, n-ac) were performed.
Results:
From 0-1 to 16-18 years, the average right bone and soft-tissue ol-ac increased from -11.65 to -17.11 mm and from -7.69 to -13.58 mm for males, respectively. For females, the average right bone ol-ac increased from -12.26 to -17.46 mm and the soft tissue increased from -8.15 to -13.54 mm.
Conclusions:
The data depicting the normal values in conjunction with the distance ratios of the anterior cornea to each of the bone anthropometric landmarks can provide further understanding of the normal sagittal orbit-globe relationship in the pediatric population.
