Occupational therapists' perceptions of artificial intelligence: Potential, preparedness, and training needs

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming health care, yet its impact on occupational therapy remains underexplored. This study investigated occupational therapists' perceptions of AI's potential, preparedness, and training needs and differences across therapist groups in a tertiary health service.

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 53 occupational therapists, including the Shinners Artificial Intelligence Perception tool and the AI Literacy Scale. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and with exploratory inferential statistics, with content analysis applied to qualitative responses.

There was no consumer and community involvement in this study.

Participants reported low AI knowledge (M = 1.32), skills (M = 1.21), and confidence (M = 1.30). They acknowledged the potential for AI to enhance care but perceived limited preparedness for its implementation (M = 2.45), particularly in relation to training gaps and ethical concerns. Knowledge, skills, and confidence were strongly correlated, but service area or years of experience did not exert any significant influence. Participants wanted training about occupational therapy applications and how to use AI ethically and efficiently.

Occupational therapists are optimistic about AI but need targeted education to enhance their literacy and practice, integrated within overall workforce development strategies.