Synchronous Endometrial and Ovarian Cancers: A Case Study and Literature Review

The term synchronous refers to 2 or more primary independent malignancies, when the second (or subsequent) arises within 6 months after diagnosis of the first malignancy. Synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancers are found in 10% of patients with ovarian cancer and 5% of patients with endometrial cancer. Using a variety of criteria, pathologists can distinguish synchronous primary tumors from metastatic disease. Primary surgical staging remains the gold standard for treating patients with synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancers. Adjuvant therapy is still controversial in the early stages of the disease. Genetic evaluation of patients with a positive family history may be crucial for quicker diagnosis and to identify those with familial cancer syndrome. We present the case of a 47-year-old premenopausal woman with abdominal pain who qualified for surgery due to suspicion of an ovarian tumor during a physical examination and imaging studies. After the final histopathologic examination, the patient was diagnosed with synchronous endometrial cancer, FIGO IA, and ovarian cancer, FIGO IIIC stage .