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Updated: May 7, 2026

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Taxonomic Source Identification of Hair.

Romy E Keane1,2, Joel P A Gummer1,2, Rebecca J Tidy1,2

  • 1Edith Cowan University School of Science, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia.

Journal of Proteome Research
|May 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Proteomics analysis of hair fibers offers a novel method for species identification in forensic science. This approach accurately classifies hair evidence, improving forensic intelligence and evidence prioritization.

Keywords:
biomarker discoveryforensic proteomicsfur-hairhair proteinsmass spectrometryspecies identificationtaxonomically informative peptidestrace evidencewildlife forensics

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Proteomics
  • Taxonomy

Background:

  • Hair fibers are crucial biological trace evidence in forensic investigations.
  • Traditional morphological analysis of hair lacks taxonomic resolution and scalability.
  • Mass-spectrometry-based proteomics offers a biomolecular alternative for species identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a proteomics workflow for identifying taxonomically diagnostic peptides in hair.
  • To establish a panel of hair protein markers for forensic species identification.
  • To enhance the efficiency and accuracy of forensic hair evidence analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a proteomics workflow for hair peptide discovery and characterization.
  • Identification of 226 taxonomically informative peptides, including 207 novel markers.
  • Integration of diagnostic markers into a bioinformatics workflow using a curated hair protein database.

Main Results:

  • A panel of 226 taxonomically informative peptides was identified from humans and 14 other species.
  • The workflow achieved genus- or species-level classification for all analyzed hair samples.
  • The method demonstrated efficiency and did not require prior source information for identification.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomics provides a scalable and high-resolution method for taxonomic classification of hair evidence.
  • The developed workflow significantly enhances forensic intelligence and evidence prioritization.
  • This biomolecular approach overcomes limitations of traditional hair analysis in forensic investigations.