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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Balance Training for Chronic Ankle Instability: A Double-Blind,

Joosung Kim1,2, Alan Needle3,4, Jinhyun Lee5

  • 1Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA.

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation
|May 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This pilot study found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with balance training did not significantly improve static postural control or neural excitability in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Further research is needed to explore potential benefits in specific outcomes.

Keywords:
ankle injuriesbalance exercisesnoninvasive brain stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Chronic ankle instability (CAI) affects postural control and neural function.
  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can modulate cortical activity and motor performance.
  • The combined effects of tDCS and balance training in CAI are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the additive effects of tDCS during balance training on static postural control, neural excitability, and ankle function in individuals with CAI.
  • To compare active tDCS with sham stimulation in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, pilot randomized controlled trial involving 19 individuals with CAI.
  • Participants received either active tDCS or sham tDCS over the motor cortex during 4 weeks of balance training.
  • Outcomes included static postural control (center of pressure), corticospinal excitability, and self-reported ankle function, assessed at baseline and post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • Individual analyses revealed improvements in static balance, soleus corticospinal excitability, and ankle function over time, irrespective of the tDCS group.
  • Small group differences were observed favoring the active tDCS group for most measures.
  • Potential moderate to large effects were noted for center of pressure area (eyes-closed) and fibularis longus corticospinal excitability.

Conclusions:

  • This pilot study suggests that tDCS applied during balance training may not offer additional benefits for individuals with CAI.
  • However, observed changes in specific measures warrant further investigation in larger clinical trials.