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Acute and Chronic Cough in Children
Douglas Kempthorne1, Yann-Fuu Kou2
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|May 5, 2026
Summary
Pediatric cough, common in children, usually resolves quickly. Persistent cough beyond 4 weeks requires evaluation to prevent long-term lung issues, guided by specific pediatric cough guidelines.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Pulmonology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Cough is a prevalent symptom in pediatric populations.
- Acute cough typically resolves within 4 weeks, often due to viral infections.
- Chronic cough (lasting >4 weeks) necessitates thorough investigation to rule out underlying pathology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence-based strategies for evaluating pediatric cough.
- To outline diagnostic approaches for acute and chronic cough in children.
- To highlight effective management and treatment options for pediatric cough.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pediatric cough guidelines and clinical studies.
- Analysis of diagnostic algorithms for cough evaluation in children.
- Synthesis of evidence on treatment modalities for pediatric cough.
Main Results:
- Pediatric-specific guidelines provide a structured approach to cough diagnosis.
- Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for preventing chronic pulmonary complications.
- Targeted treatments based on etiology improve patient outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Implementing algorithmic evaluation aids in timely diagnosis of pediatric cough.
- Adherence to evidence-based guidelines can mitigate long-term respiratory sequelae.
- Comprehensive management strategies are essential for addressing pediatric cough effectively.
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