Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
09:06

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

563

Potential roles of microRNAs in chronic rhinosinusitis: from mechanistic insights to clinical studies

Danunuch Pasupat1, Saisawat Chaiyasate1, Chanisa Thonusin2,3,4

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|May 5, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) development and progression. Further research into miRNA-based biomarkers and therapies is crucial for improved patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex inflammatory condition with unclear pathophysiology.
  • Epigenetic regulators, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), are increasingly recognized for their disease-modulating roles.
  • Understanding miRNA functions in CRS may lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the existing literature on the epigenetic functions of miRNAs in chronic rhinosinusitis.
  • To summarize the current understanding of miRNA involvement in CRS pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic scoping review of the PubMed database was conducted.
  • Literature search focused on keywords related to chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, and microRNAs (miRNAs).

Main Results:

  • Altered miRNA expression levels are consistently observed in CRS patients, with distinct profiles in different endotypes.
  • miRNA levels correlate with symptom severity, disease markers, and polyp recurrence.
  • miRNAs influence key CRS processes including inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and tissue remodeling, with miR-125b, miR-155, miR-21, and miR-145-5p being frequently studied.
  • Some studies suggest contradictory roles for specific miRNAs, like miR-21 in anti-inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging evidence strongly implicates miRNAs in the pathogenesis of CRS.
  • Further investigation into miRNA-based biomarkers and therapeutic interventions for CRS is warranted.
Keywords:
Chronic rhinosinusitisEpigeneticsEpithelial-mesenchymal transitionInflammationMicroRNAsNasal polyps

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