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Objective Measurement of Tooth Color Using Spectrophotometry and ICDAS: Quantifying CIELAB Color Changes Across

Farah Rashid1, James Dudley1

  • 1Adelaide Dental School, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spectrophotometry objectively measures tooth color changes in early dental caries (International Caries Detection and Assessment System - ICDAS). Color differences exceed perceptibility thresholds from moderate stages, aiding visual assessment.

Keywords:
CIELABICDAS scoringcolor differencedental caries classificationesthetic dentistryspectrophotometryvisual analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Research
  • Biophotonics
  • Caries Assessment

Background:

  • Visual assessment of dental caries using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) has limitations.
  • Objective quantification of tooth color via spectrophotometry is not fully characterized across ICDAS categories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Characterize spectrophotometric measurements across ICDAS categories (0-4).
  • Evaluate the association between color parameters and caries severity.
  • Quantify color differences across ICDAS categories.

Main Methods:

  • Extracted posterior teeth (n=300) were classified using ICDAS by a calibrated examiner.
  • Spectrophotometry (CIELAB values) was performed at five sites per tooth.
  • Statistical analysis included ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis, correlation, and regression; color differences (ΔE00) were calculated relative to ICDAS 0.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in color parameters (L*, a*, b*) were found across ICDAS categories (p < 0.001).
  • ΔE00 exceeded perceptibility and acceptability thresholds starting from ICDAS 2.
  • Decreased lightness (L*) and increased red/yellow hues (a*, b*) correlated with increasing caries severity (ρ = -0.58 to 0.62).

Conclusions:

  • Spectrophotometry objectively quantifies enamel changes in dental caries.
  • Color differences become clinically appreciable beyond early lesion stages.
  • Color-based metrics can supplement visual caries assessment.