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Native-Alien Dichotomy in Pathogen Genomics: Host Specialization Versus Environmental Decoupling.

Yongning Li1, George L W Perry2, Mahajabeen Padamsee3,4

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Host traits significantly influence pathogenic fungi genome size, with environmental factors playing a role, especially in native versus alien pathogens. Understanding these patterns aids disease dynamics prediction.

Keywords:
climatic filteringfunctional traitshost specificityinvasion biologyphylogenetic signalspatial genomics

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Genomics
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Genome size is crucial for pathogen evolution and adaptation.
  • Biogeographic patterns of fungal pathogen genome size are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of host traits and environmental factors on pathogenic fungal genome size in New Zealand.
  • To compare these influences between native and alien fungal pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Quantified genome size in pathogenic fungi.
  • Analyzed the impact of host traits (e.g., conservatism) and environmental factors (climate, terrain).
  • Differentiated analyses for native and alien pathogens, and fungal phyla (Basidiomycota) and lifestyles (biotrophic).

Main Results:

  • Host plants were the primary drivers of genome size, particularly in Basidiomycota and biotrophic fungi.
  • Native pathogens showed stronger host effects and greater geographic genomic differentiation.
  • Environmental filtering differed: climate influenced native pathogens, while terrain affected alien pathogens, leading to spatial homogenization in alien species.

Conclusions:

  • A hierarchical framework of host and environmental influences predicts fungal pathogen genome size.
  • Findings enhance predictions of disease dynamics under global environmental change.