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Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
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The electrode interacts with ions in the electrolyte solution at its interface. The rate of oxidation and reduction depends on the speed at which electrons can transfer through this interface. As ions attach to or leave the electrode surface, the electrode acquires a charge, and an electrical potential forms across the interface, making the process more difficult to reach equilibrium. The charge on the electrode affects the local ion concentrations in the solution, though thermal motion...
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Interfacial Chemistry in High-Voltage Ni-Mn-Based Cathodes: Understanding and Controlling Degradation Pathways.

Yongkang Shen1, Haotian Rui1, Weiwei Fang2

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High-voltage nickel-manganese-based oxide cathodes offer promise but face challenges. This review details limitations of lithium nickel manganese oxide (LNMO) and nickel cobalt manganese (NCM) materials and explores advanced strategies to overcome these hurdles for commercialization.

Keywords:
CEI regulationcoatingdopingelectrolyte additiveshigh‐voltage cathode materials

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • High-voltage Ni-Mn-based oxides are promising cathode materials due to high energy density, environmental friendliness, and low cost.
  • Key limitations include hydrofluoric acid (HF) corrosion, transition metal dissolution, and the Jahn-Teller effect, hindering commercialization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the fundamental characteristics and limitations of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) and LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) cathode materials.
  • To introduce state-of-the-art mitigation strategies for addressing material degradation and performance issues.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on LNMO and NCM cathode materials.
  • Analysis of cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) regulation techniques.
  • Exploration of electrolyte additives, doping, surface coating, and particle design.

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of the intrinsic properties and failure mechanisms of LNMO and NCM.
  • Compilation and assessment of various strategies to enhance cathode stability and performance.
  • Identification of synergistic effects between different modification approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Effective mitigation of HF corrosion, metal dissolution, and Jahn-Teller effects is crucial for commercializing Ni-Mn-based cathodes.
  • CEI regulation through electrolyte additives, doping, surface coatings, and particle design offers viable solutions.
  • Future research should focus on synergistic combinations of these approaches to unlock the full potential of these advanced cathode materials.