Distal Allograft Pancreatectomy After Pancreas Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Paraneoplastic lesions such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are uncommonly observed in the graft of recipients of pancreas transplants, despite the well-established association between immunosuppression and malignancy development. Typically, allograft pancreatectomy is performed due to complications such as acute rejection or vascular thrombosis. We report a rare case of a patient who developed histologically confirmed IPMN occurring 8 years after pancreas transplantation. As the detection of paraneoplastic lesions increases with advancing imaging techniques and pancreas allograft survival continues to improve, these findings may gain greater clinical relevance. This case underscores important considerations for transplant surgeons, particularly regarding posttransplant surveillance strategies, management approaches, and long-term follow-up.