Artificial intelligence in migraine: a narrative review on the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications

Migraine is a complex neurological disorder characterized by recurrent and often debilitating headaches, impacting the quality of life for millions worldwide. Over the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in the field of migraine research and clinical management. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications of AI in the context of migraine. In the diagnostic realm, AI-based algorithms demonstrate promising capabilities in accurately identifying migraine patterns and subtypes from diverse clinical data sources, including symptom profiles, imaging studies, and genetic markers. These advancements hold the potential for personalized diagnosis and improved patient stratification. Furthermore, AI-powered prognostic models offer the ability to predict migraine progression, anticipate treatment responses, and assess long-term outcomes, thereby aiding in tailored therapeutic decision-making and patient counseling. In therapeutic applications, AI-driven technologies are enabling innovative approaches, including personalized treatment regimens, optimized medication management, and the development of novel therapeutic targets based on big data analytics and predictive modeling. Overall, the integration of AI into the study and management of migraine represents a paradigm shift, holding tremendous promise for advancing precision medicine, enhancing clinical decision support, and ultimately improving the lives of individuals affected by this pervasive neurological condition. This review elucidates the current landscape and future prospects of AI in the multifaceted field of migraine management.