Autologous Platelet-Rich Gel for the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Current Perspectives and Contemporary...

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are representative examples of refractory chronic cutaneous wounds. Autologous platelet-rich gel (APG), a blood-derived therapeutic modality, has demonstrated efficacy in promoting the healing of DFUs. However, several limitations have been identified in both clinical practice and basic research, including restricted availability, short shelf life and suboptimal physical characteristics. In recent years, significant efforts have been directed towards prolonging the preservation period of APG and diversifying its sources. The integration of platelet-rich plasma with biomaterials and cell-based therapies not only mitigates the physical constraints associated with APG but also enhances therapeutic outcomes through synergistic effects in DFU healing. Moreover, emerging research on platelet-derived extracellular vesicles demonstrates promising potential for standardizing and advancing the engineered application of APG, although this field remains in its early stages. This review summarizes key findings from the literature published over the past 3-5 years and outlines prospective directions for future research in this field.