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Beyond Scales and Essays: Artificial Intelligence Chatbots as Personality Interviewers.

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  • 1Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University.

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Summary

AI chatbots offer a novel way to assess personality, showing good convergence with traditional methods. These AI assessments provide unique insights into subjective health and job performance, supporting their use in personality evaluation.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • AI chatbots provide interactive personality assessment via semi-structured interviews.
  • Leveraging NLP and ML, chatbots offer nuanced, contextual personality evaluations.
  • This study compares AI chatbot validity against traditional personality assessment methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the psychometric validity of AI chatbot personality interviews with conventional methods.
  • To examine the influence of user perceptions on AI chatbot personality assessment validity.
  • To explore the incremental validity of AI chatbot scores in predicting outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) framework and generalizability theory (G-theory).
  • Collected data from 189 participants at two time points.
  • Compared AI chatbot interviews with scale-based measures and short essay questionnaires.

Main Results:

  • Machine-inferred scores from AI chatbots and essays showed good convergence with scale-based methods but weaker discriminant validity.
  • Chatbot-based scores demonstrated incremental validity for predicting subjective health and perceived job performance.
  • Ease of concentration during chatbot interviews may influence score convergence.

Conclusions:

  • AI chatbots show promise for personality assessment, complementing traditional methods.
  • Further research is needed on user perceptions' impact on AI-based assessment psychometrics.
  • Chatbot assessments offer unique predictive validity for specific outcomes.