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Adversarial-consistency enhanced implicit segmentation field for weakly supervised 3D cardiac image segmentation.

Weiyuan Lin1, Juntao Zhong1, Zhifan Gao1

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.

Medical Image Analysis
|May 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method for 3D cardiac segmentation using limited annotations. The approach improves accuracy in segmenting heart structures, reducing the need for extensive data labeling in disease diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Computer Vision
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Automatic 3D cardiac structure segmentation is vital for diagnosing heart diseases.
  • Current methods require expensive pixel-level annotations, increasing labeling costs.
  • Scribble-level supervision offers a cost-effective alternative but faces challenges with accuracy due to data similarity and sparsity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an effective method for accurate 3D cardiac segmentation using cost-efficient scribble-level annotations.
  • To address the challenges of intrinsic similarity and label sparsity in scribble-based segmentation.
  • To reduce the overall cost and effort associated with annotating cardiac imaging data.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed the adversarial-consistency enhanced implicit segmentation field (ACISF) model.
Keywords:
3D cardiac segmentationAdversarial learningNeural fieldScribble-level annotationVisual foundation modelWeakly supervised learning

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  • Extended inference from pixel to coordinate space, modeling semantic information via an implicit function.
  • Introduced adaptive adversarial consistency (AAC) using adversarial learning for robust segmentation under label sparsity.
  • Main Results:

    • The ACISF model effectively integrates topological relationships in coordinate space to overcome intrinsic similarity.
    • AAC provides adaptive sampling for consistency regularization, mitigating issues from sparse labels.
    • Extensive experiments on four annotation types and 683 patients demonstrated superior performance compared to ten state-of-the-art methods.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed ACISF method significantly advances scribble-level supervised 3D cardiac segmentation.
    • This approach offers a more practical and cost-effective solution for automated cardiac analysis.
    • The findings have implications for improving the efficiency and accuracy of cardiac disease diagnosis.