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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics of Dry Friction01:21

Characteristics of Dry Friction

Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
Before the wheelbarrow starts moving, the static frictional force acts tangentially to the contact surface, opposing the force that is about to induce the motion. This frictional force prevents the...
Types of Friction Problems01:27

Types of Friction Problems

Friction is an essential concept in physics, engineering, and everyday life. It is the force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion between two surfaces in contact. One of the most common types of friction encountered in various applications is dry friction. Dry friction problems can be broadly categorized into three types, each with unique characteristics and challenges.
The first type of dry friction problem involves situations where there is no apparent impending motion.
Frictional Force01:07

Frictional Force

When a body is in motion, it encounters resistance because the body interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is known as friction, a common yet complex force whose behavior is still not completely understood. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact, but also allows us to move. Friction arises in part due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. For one object to move along a surface, it must rise to where the peaks of the surface can skip along the bottom of the...

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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
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Published on: December 24, 2014

Friction Dynamics of Organogel-type Cosmetics.

Rinka Sasaki1, Yoshimune Nonomura1

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, JAPAN.

Journal of Oleo Science
|May 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study classifies organogel cosmetics into four groups based on their friction dynamics, using parameters like static friction coefficient and viscosity. This method aids in understanding and improving cosmetic texture.

Keywords:
categorizationcluster analysisfrictionlipstickorganogelprincipal component analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmetic Science
  • Tribology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Organogel-type cosmetics are vital for skin texture.
  • Understanding their friction properties is key to formulation development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the friction behavior of 32 organogel-type cosmetics.
  • To classify these cosmetics into distinct groups based on friction dynamics.
  • To establish a method for understanding and designing cosmetic texture.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a sinusoidal motion friction evaluation system on artificial skin.
  • Applied principal component analysis (PCA) to friction parameters (static friction coefficient μs, dynamic friction coefficient μk, delay time δ, viscosity coefficient C).
  • Performed cluster analysis on PCA components (Z1, Z2) to categorize formulations.

Main Results:

  • PCA identified Z1 and Z2 as key components integrating friction parameters.
  • Cosmetics were classified into four distinct groups based on friction dynamics.
  • Group 1: Low- to medium-polarity oils. Group 2: High pigment, hardness, friction.
  • Group 3: High viscosity response, positive velocity dependence (paste-type oils).
  • Group 4: Negative viscosity coefficient, medium- to high-polarity oils.

Conclusions:

  • A novel classification method for organogel cosmetics based on friction parameters was proposed.
  • This classification aids in understanding application texture.
  • The findings support the design of improved organogel cosmetic formulations.