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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice

Published on: September 25, 2019

Understanding HBV immunopathogenesis to inform future immune-based therapies.

Margaux Bossis¹, Phuong-Ha Le², Tarik Asselah³

¹Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1342, Paris, France.

Antiviral Research

|May 7, 2026

Summary

Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) infection persists despite vaccines, causing liver disease. New therapies aim to restore HBV-specific immune responses for a functional cure, not just viral suppression.

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A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

Published on: May 10, 2022

Area of Science:

Immunology
Hepatology
Virology

Background:

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects over 250 million globally, leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Current treatments suppress HBV replication but rarely achieve functional cure (sustained HBsAg loss post-treatment).
Viral persistence is driven by intrahepatic HBV DNA and immune dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

To review HBV immunopathogenesis in acute and chronic infections.
To explore immune correlates of functional cure.
To discuss immune-based therapies and combination strategies for HBV.

Main Methods:

Review of current understanding of HBV immunopathogenesis.
Analysis of immune dysfunction in chronic HBV.
Discussion of clinical trials for immune-based therapies.

Main Results:

HBV infection involves a tolerogenic liver microenvironment and impaired immune responses.
Immune dysfunction includes impaired innate sensing and progressive dysfunction of HBV-specific B and T cells.
Functional cure is associated with restored polyfunctional T cells and liver immune remodeling.

Conclusions:

Achieving functional cure for chronic HBV requires addressing viral replication, antigen load, and immune responses.
Combination strategies coupling antigen reduction with immune restoration are emerging.
Durable off-treatment control necessitates a multifaceted approach targeting both the virus and the host immune system.