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Circulating Progenitor Cells, Regenerative Capacity and Cognition: Evidence From 2 Community-Based Cohorts.

Taha Ahmed¹, Matthew Gold¹, Ambar Kulshreshtha²

¹Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (T.A., M.G., E. Woods, A.R., M.H., Y.-A.K., J.M.-I., K.A.H., J.H., N.M., M.O., S.M.S., A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

|May 7, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Lower levels of circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) are linked to poorer cognitive function and increased markers of vascular brain injury, such as white matter hyperintensities and cortical thinning.

Keywords:

chemokine cognition flow cytometry phenotypes stem cell

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Live Imaging of Primary Cerebral Cortex Cells Using a 2D Culture System

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Published on: August 9, 2017

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Neuroscience
Cardiovascular Research

Background:

Reduced circulating progenitor cell (CPC) counts, indicative of impaired vascular regenerative capacity, are linked to age-related diseases and cardiovascular outcomes.
Lower CPC levels have been associated with accelerated cognitive decline, but their precise relationship with cognitive impairment and neuroimaging markers of brain injury remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the cross-sectional associations between specific circulating progenitor cell (CPC) subsets, cognitive performance, and neuroimaging markers of vascular brain injury and neurodegeneration.
To determine if lower CPC levels correlate with worse cognitive function and adverse brain imaging findings.

Main Methods:

Utilized flow cytometry to enumerate CPC subsets (CD34+, CD34+/CD133+, CD34+/CXCR4+, CD34+/VEGFR2+) in 283 community-dwelling participants.
Assessed cognitive performance using standardized tests (e.g., Montreal Cognitive Assessment) and evaluated brain structure via MRI-derived white matter hyperintensity volumes and cortical thickness.
Employed linear regression models, adjusted for demographic and vascular risk factors, to analyze associations.

Main Results:

Lower CD34+/CD133+ CPC levels were significantly associated with worse global cognition, reduced cortical thickness, and increased white matter hyperintensity burden.
Reduced CD34+ and CD34+/CXCR4+ CPC levels correlated with greater white matter hyperintensity volume.
CD34+/VEGFR2+ CPC levels showed associations with cognitive test performance but not with neuroimaging markers.

Conclusions:

Diminished vascular regenerative capacity, indicated by lower CPC levels, is associated with poorer cognitive performance and neuroimaging evidence of vascular brain injury.
Findings suggest a link between CPC levels and brain health, warranting further investigation.
Future longitudinal studies are recommended to establish causality and temporality.