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Macaque Area LIP Reflects Confidence-Dependent Changes in Decision Policy.

Mengyu Serene Tu1,2, Miguel Vivar-Lazo1,3, Christopher R Fetsch1,4

  • 1Zanvyl Krieger Mind-Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|May 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Subjective confidence guides decisions. Neural activity in the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) reflects past choices and confidence, influencing future decisions and learning.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Decision Making

Background:

  • Decision-making processes generate confidence estimates crucial for guiding future actions.
  • A specific neural mechanism linking subjective confidence to subsequent decision formation remains unidentified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural basis of how subjective confidence influences subsequent decision-making.
  • To identify the role of the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) in confidence-guided learning.

Main Methods:

  • Rhesus monkeys were trained on a reaction-time (RT) motion discrimination task.
  • Monkeys reported perceptual choices and simultaneous confidence judgments.
  • Neural activity in the LIP was recorded and analyzed in relation to choice history and confidence.

Main Results:

  • Monkeys repeated rewarded choices more after low confidence on the prior trial.
  • Neural activity in LIP encoded previous choice and confidence, particularly after low-confidence correct trials.
  • Decision variable dynamics in LIP were modulated by prior trial confidence and reward, correlating with choice bias.

Conclusions:

  • The lateral intraparietal area (LIP) reflects not only current decision formation but also participates in confidence-guided learning.
  • LIP activity adjustments based on prior confidence and reward influence subsequent decision processes.
  • Findings suggest LIP plays a role in adaptive decision-making based on confidence evaluations.