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[Anesthesia for obese patients].

Lærke Dam Dengsøe Petersen¹, Jannie Tanderup Sørensen¹, Marie Vestergaard Vad¹

¹Bedøvelse og Operation Syd, Aarhus Universitetshospital.

Ugeskrift for Laeger

|May 7, 2026

Summary

Managing general anesthesia in obese patients presents unique challenges due to altered physiology. This review outlines key perioperative considerations for anesthesiologists to ensure patient safety and optimize outcomes.

Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Obesity Medicine
Perioperative Care

Background:

Obesity is a growing global health concern.
Obese patients exhibit significant physiological alterations affecting respiratory, circulatory, and metabolic systems.
These physiological changes pose unique challenges in anesthesia management.

Purpose of the Study:

To review perioperative anesthesiological perspectives for general anesthesia in obese patients.
To synthesize information from primary literature, international guidelines, and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) recommendations.
To provide essential knowledge for healthcare professionals managing obese patients undergoing anesthesia.

Main Methods:

Literature review.
Analysis of international anesthesia guidelines.

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Inclusion of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) recommendations.

Main Results:

Obese patients experience altered respiratory mechanics, cardiovascular function, and metabolic processes.
These alterations lead to increased risks during general anesthesia and the postoperative period.
Specific anesthetic techniques and monitoring strategies are crucial for managing obese patients.

Conclusions:

Anesthesiologists must be aware of the physiological changes in obese patients.
Standardized approaches based on current guidelines and ERAS principles are recommended.
Enhanced knowledge and preparedness are vital for safe and effective perioperative care of obese individuals.