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Self-Assembly Ordered Layered Gels for Thermochromic Smart Windows With Excellent Electromagnetic Shielding

Shusheng Wang^1,2, Zijing Li¹, Shengchong Hui¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|May 7, 2026

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Researchers developed a novel smart window with dual electromagnetic shielding and thermochromic capabilities. This material offers high shielding effectiveness and rapid response, overcoming limitations of single-function materials.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Smart Materials

Background:

Traditional electromagnetic shielding materials lack multi-functionality.
Complex environments require advanced materials with combined properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To fabricate a novel smart window with electromagnetic shielding and fast-response thermochromic properties.
To investigate the role of layered structure in enhancing material performance.

Main Methods:

Self-assembly of a layered gel network using Laponite XLG and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM).
Functional modification with metal ions to enhance electrical conductivity.
Characterization of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE_T), luminous transmittance (T_lum), and solar modulation (ΔT_sol).

Keywords:

electromagnetic protection layered gels thermochromic smart window

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Main Results:

Achieved maximum electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 72.49 dB.
Demonstrated high luminous transmittance (83.49%) and solar modulation (82.57%).
Exhibited rapid thermochromic response within 20 seconds at 60°C.

Conclusions:

The layered structural design enhances material stability and order.
Synergistic electromagnetic shielding and thermochromic properties were achieved.
Provides a novel strategy for designing advanced smart electromagnetic protection materials.