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Beyond Unidirectional Injury: Bidirectional Interactions Between Arteriosclerosis and the Heart-Brain-Kidney Axis

Feifan Hu1, Yali Ge1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.

Angiology
|May 7, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Arteriosclerosis, a vascular disorder linked to aging and hypertension, damages organs like the heart, brain, and kidneys. Organ damage then worsens arteriosclerosis, creating a harmful cycle.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Vascular Biology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Arteriosclerosis is a systemic degenerative vascular disorder.
  • Characterized by arterial wall thickening, reduced elasticity (arterial stiffness), and luminal narrowing.
  • Closely associated with aging and hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize mechanisms by which arteriosclerosis drives multi-organ damage.
  • To highlight clinical manifestations and outcomes of arteriosclerosis-related organ damage.
  • To discuss the feedback loop between target organ dysfunction and worsening vascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of arteriosclerosis mechanisms.
  • Analysis of pathological processes: lipid deposition, inflammation, calcification, hemodynamic disturbances.
  • Examination of vascular-organ interactions and feedback pathways.

Main Results:

  • Arteriosclerosis progressively injures high metabolic demand organs (heart, brain, kidneys).
  • Organ injury activates compensatory responses that accelerate vascular remodeling.
  • A self-reinforcing cycle of 'vascular-organ interactive injury' is established.

Conclusions:

  • Arteriosclerosis leads to multi-organ damage through direct and indirect pathways.
  • Dysfunction in cardiac, cerebral, and renal systems exacerbates arteriosclerosis.
  • Current strategies for clinical assessment and intervention are outlined.

Keywords:
arterial stiffnessarteriosclerosisbidirectional interactionsclinical interventionorgan crosstalk

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