Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...

Aging

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...

Long-term Depression

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Endel Tulving: An appreciation of his scientific contributions.

Neuropsychologia·2025

Same author

The interactive effects of divided attention and semantic elaboration on associative recognition memory: an fMRI study.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2025

Same author

Toward a functional future for the cognitive neuroscience of human aging.

Neuron·2025

Same author

Endel Tulving (1927-2023).

The American psychologist·2024

Same author

Memory, aging and the brain: Old findings and current issues.

Aging brain·2023

Same author

The cognitive tenacity of self-directed ageism.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

Larry Jacoby's research on aging and memory: Review and commentary.

Fergus I M Craik¹

¹Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON, M6A 2E1, Canada. fcraik@research.baycrest.org.

Memory & Cognition

|May 7, 2026

Summary

This review explores age-related memory differences, highlighting how recollection declines with age while familiarity remains stable. It also examines how age-related memory impairments interact with familiarity and habit, impacting accurate information processing.

Keywords:

Accessibility Aging Familiarity Memory Recollection

More Related Videos

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience of Aging

Background:

Age-related cognitive decline affects perception and memory.
Larry Jacoby's research provides a foundational dual-processing model for understanding these changes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review Larry Jacoby's experimental and theoretical contributions to the understanding of age-related differences in memory.
To elucidate Jacoby's dual-processing model, distinguishing between familiarity and recollection.

Main Methods:

Review of experimental and theoretical work by Larry Jacoby.
Analysis of studies illustrating dual-processing models of memory.
Examination of concepts like processing fluency and retrieval bias.

Main Results:

Identified two primary patterns of age-related memory differences: selective recollection decrement and the failure of recollection to override familiarity.
Demonstrated how age-related impairments interact with familiarity and habituation, leading to potential errors in information processing.

Conclusions:

Jacoby's work offers critical insights into age-related memory deficits, particularly the interplay between familiarity, recollection, and cognitive biases.
The findings underscore the complexity of age-related memory changes and their implications for perception and decision-making.