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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Cefoperazone-treated Mouse Model of Clinically-relevant Clostridium difficile Strain R20291
06:51

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Published on: December 10, 2016

Clostridioides difficile Infection in Animals.

Francisco A Uzal1

  • 1California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory-San Bernardino Branch, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino, CA, USA. fauzal@ucdavis.edu.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|May 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is increasingly diagnosed in animals without clear links to antibiotics or hospitalization. Further research is needed to understand risk factors and potential zoonotic transmission of this bacterium.

Keywords:
AnimalsClostridioides difficileClostridioides difficile infectionOne health

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

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11:13

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Published on: September 14, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Clostridioides difficile is a bacterium responsible for C. difficile infection (CDI).
  • It is found in humans, animals, and the environment, including the gastrointestinal tracts of healthy animals.
  • While historically linked to antibiotic use or hospitalization in animals, recent trends show increasing CDI cases without these associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology and predisposing factors of Clostridioides difficile infection in animals.
  • To highlight the changing patterns of CDI diagnosis in veterinary populations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on Clostridioides difficile infection in various animal species.
  • Analysis of reported cases and associated risk factors.

Main Results:

  • CDI is not typically age-associated in most animal species.
  • Predisposing factors in horses include co-infections, intestinal issues, transport, and medical treatments.
  • A growing number of CDI cases in animals lack a clear association with antibiotic treatment or hospitalization.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection in animals is evolving, with an increase in cases lacking traditional risk factors.
  • Further investigation is required to fully elucidate the transmission dynamics and zoonotic potential of C. difficile.
  • Understanding these changing patterns is crucial for veterinary diagnostics and public health surveillance.