Online Peer Support for Gambling Harm: Perspectives from People with Lived Experience and Service Providers

Online peer support (mutual aid provided by individuals with lived experience through digital platforms such as forums, messaging groups, or video meetings) has demonstrated benefits across health contexts but remains underexplored in gambling harm recovery. This study explored how online peer support for gambling harm is used and experienced, including perceived benefits, risks, and its role within broader support pathways, from the perspectives of (i) individuals with lived experience and (ii) professionals providing gambling harm support. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 participants with lived experience of gambling harm and 24 service providers. Participants were recruited via gambling support services, social media, and word-of-mouth. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, with input from a lived experience panel to enhance validity and relevance. Three core themes emerged from lived experience accounts: healing through connection; when support spaces become unsafe; and accessibility and crisis prevention. Service provider interviews generated four complementary themes: navigating access to support; modes, preferences, and structures of support; evolving and individualistic recovery; and complexities of the peer-supporter role. Online peer support offers a valuable complement to professional treatment by fostering belonging, trust, and hope through shared experience. Its effectiveness depends on safety, inclusivity, and proportionate moderation. Flexible, co-designed models that accommodate diverse needs and safeguard both users and peer supporters are critical for sustainable, equitable provision.