Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...

Aging

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

I2020T mutant LRRK2 iPSC-derived neurons in the Sagamihara family exhibit increased Tau phosphorylation through the AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway.

Human molecular genetics·2015

Same author

Human somatic stem cell-based therapy for cartilage regeneration.

Annals of translational medicine·2015

Same author

Allogeneic Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Derived From Embryonic Stem Cells Promote Functional Recovery After Transplantation Into Injured Spinal Cord of Nonhuman Primates.

Stem cells translational medicine·2015

Same author

Differentiation of multipotent neural stem cells derived from Rett syndrome patients is biased toward the astrocytic lineage.

Molecular brain·2015

Same author

Muscle Satellite Cell Protein Teneurin-4 Regulates Differentiation During Muscle Regeneration.

Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio)·2015

Same author

The Musashi family RNA-binding proteins in stem cells.

Biomolecular concepts·2015

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

Biomarkers, Cognitive Function, and Mortality in Centenarians.

Ryo Shikimoto^1,2,3, Takashi Sasaki¹, Yukiko Abe¹

¹Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

JAMA Network Open

|May 7, 2026

Summary

Higher plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in centenarians correlated with poorer cognitive function and increased mortality. Amyloid biomarkers showed no significant association, suggesting NfL

More Related Videos

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

Published on: June 3, 2020

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

Published on: June 3, 2020

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Area of Science:

Gerontology and Aging Research
Neuroscience and Neurology
Biomarker Discovery

Background:

Aging is associated with neural changes, but key blood biomarkers for cognition and mortality in centenarians are not well-defined.
Understanding these biomarkers is crucial for insights into extreme human aging and lifespan.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between three neural biomarkers—amyloid-β42/40 ratio (Aβ42/40), phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), and neurofilament light chain (NfL)—with cognitive function and all-cause mortality in centenarians.

Main Methods:

A population-based cohort study of Japanese centenarians (≥100 years) with baseline cognitive assessments and blood sampling.
Follow-up for up to 17 years for mortality, with plasma biomarker levels measured using ultrasensitive immunoassays.
Statistical analysis adjusted for confounders to assess associations with cognitive function (MMSE) and mortality.

Main Results:

Higher plasma NfL levels were significantly associated with lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores.
Elevated plasma NfL levels were also linked to increased all-cause mortality in centenarians.
Plasma Aβ42/40 and p-tau181 did not show statistically significant associations with cognitive function or mortality after full adjustment.

Conclusions:

Higher plasma NfL levels are associated with poorer cognitive function and increased mortality in centenarians.
These findings suggest plasma NfL may be a relevant biomarker for neurodegeneration in extreme aging.
Further research is needed to confirm the clinical utility of plasma NfL before routine implementation.