[Early preeclampsia associated with hydatidiform mole and pulmonary metastasis: A case report]

Preeclampsia before 20 weeks of gestation is an unusual clinical entity that suggests an underlying etiology, such as gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). Among its forms, complete hydatidiform mole may evolve into gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with metastatic potential. The objective was to present the case of an adolescent patient with early-onset preeclampsia as the initial manifestation of a complete hydatidiform mole with pulmonary metastasis.

A 15-year-old patient without prenatal care was admitted due to vaginal bleeding, persistent nausea, and clinical signs of preeclampsia. A complete hydatidiform mole associated with grade IV hypovolemic shock was diagnosed. Patient underwent urgent uterine evacuation, intensive care for uterine atony, and received EMA-CO chemotherapy after pulmonary metastases were identified. 3 months after completing treatment, a viable intrauterine pregnancy was confirmed, with no evidence of tumor recurrence.

The onset of preeclampsia before 20 weeks should raise suspicion of GTD. Timely, multidisciplinary management can achieve full disease resolution, preserve fertility, and avoid long-term sequelae, even in advanced clinical scenarios.